Outcome

The issues raised during the discussions are listed below. For a detailed report please click on the title of each ancillary meetings.

Volunteers Interpreters Photo:Gary Hill,Chair, Functional Committee, ISPAAC	Meeting Room 3 Photo:Gary Hill,Chair,Functional Committee,ISPAC	NGO-Lounge Photo: Gary Hill, Chair, Functional Committee,ISPAC

Tackling Prison Overcrowding: Solutions That Work

• Overview of the prison population world wide including a presentation of case studies on prison population and prison systems in Latin America and the Caribbean, South Asia and Russia
• Need of developing countries to modify Western criminal justice
• Presentation of a 'Ten Point Plan for Reducing Imprisonment'
• Implementation of restorative justice programmes

International Coordination Among Correctional Professionals

• Discussion of activities of several NGOs in the field exploring formal coordination among correctional professionals ·
• Importance of standards of good practice and training
• Recruitment of correctional professionals
• Human rights in prison and correctional systems

Prison Conditions - Getting It Right

• Assessment of the needs for improvement of the prison system to find practical ways of improving prison conditions
• Improvement of prison conditions in Georgia surmounting difficulties inherited from the former Soviet Union
• Experiences from the prison system in Russia and Ukraine
• Importance of strengthening family ties showing examples from the Caribbean
• Presentation of a programme in India integrating serious criminal offenders into a local community with their families
• 'open air' prisons in Zambia

Making Standards Work: Monitoring and Action

• Introduction to monitoring on a international level with reference to the role of the Special Rapporteur of the Commission of Human Rights on the Question of Torture and presentation of an international project focussing on long term prisoners
• Monitoring on a national level including experiences from France, Japan and Kazakhstan
• Independent prison monitoring system in the Netherlands
• Raising public awareness

A New Agenda for Penal Reform

• Development of a new agenda for penal reform taking into consideration the outcome of the ancillary meetings entitled 'Tackling Prison Overcrowding: Solutions That Work', 'Prison Conditions: Getting Them Right' and 'Making Standards Work: Monitoring and Action'
• Alternatives to custody and imprisonment of juveniles
• Presentation of an alternative dispute resolution method implemented by the Madaripur Legal Aid Association (Bangladesh)
• Privatization of prisons
• Death penalty in Russia

Medical/Mental Health Treatment of Offenders

• Overview of healthcare and mental health treatment provided to offenders in the criminal justice system including a presentation of healthcare models in existence in different countries
• Healthcare and public safety
• Discussion of infectious disease treatment, prevention and control, underlining the effectiveness of harm reduction approach against the spread of intravenous transmissible disease

The Impact of the Victims' Declaration on National and International Law and Standard Setting

• The United Nations Declaration on Principles of Justice for Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power in the context of the United Nations criminal justice standards and norms · Implementation of the Declaration on a national and international level and obstacles encountered
• Need for guidelines and a manual
• Introduction to the International Fund for Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power
• Violations of international human rights and humanitarian law
• Victim protection, victim participation and reparation to victims in the context of the International Criminal Court
• Proposal to have an international Day for Victims to create public awareness

Terrorist Victimization: Prevention, Control and Recovery

• Introduction to terrorist victimization
• Overview of trends in international terrorism and responses to terrorism
• Narco terrorism in Latin America
• Impact of terrorist events in the media and in the internet on the traumatization of society
• Overview of assistance provided to victims of terrorism including a presentation of the work done by the Office of Victims of Crime of the United States Government
• Need for international cooperation

Juvenile Offenders as Citizens

• Discussion of juvenile offenders as citizens in a global context
• Presentation of six universal principles as response to juvenile offending
• Experiences with juvenile offenders in Israel, Namibia, Romania, South Africa, and the United States
• United Nations technical assistance programmes in juvenile justice

The Criminalization of Women and Girls

• Review of issues pertaining to the involvement of women and girls in the criminal and juvenile justice systems
• Experiences from the United States and Canada including a discussion on the needs of First Nations and Aboriginal women and girls
• Presentation of 'Somebody's Daughter Theatre Co.' (Australia), a theatre company consisting primarily of former female prisoners

Promoting a Dialogue: The Case of Bosnia and Herzegovina

• Information on ongoing projects in Germany, Sweden and Switzerland
• Review of the situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina and assessment of the needs of the country
• Experiences from individuals belonging to the Human Rights Chamber of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Office of the High Representative and the United Nations Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina as well as from individuals who survived the war

Capital Punishment: New Frontiers in Abolition

• Historical overview of abolition of capital punishment
• Opposition in the International forum including a presentation of various positions including the position of the Council of Europe
• Current situation in the United States
• Capital punishment in the context of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court

Preventing Human Rights Violations: Training and Accountability

• Discussion of human rights abuses and violations
• Promotion of human rights within the police by creating specific training programmes with focus on accountability ·
• Discussion of specific training application problems
• Information on a campaign against torture to be launched by Amnesty International in autumn 2000 focussing on police abuse of human rights
• Citizen and Governmental Participation in Developing Alternatives to Retributive Justice
• Discussion of programmes which help the offenders to not re-offend
• 'Human valorisation' as a principle for prison administrations and review of the experience with prisons administered by community volunteers

Overview of Restorative Justice

• Introduction to the history of and the key principles of restorative justice, including a presentation of victim offender mediation, conferencing and peacemaking circles as the three hallmarks of restorative justice practices and restitution and community service as potentially restorative outcomes
• Introduction to the worldwide movement including a presentation of the restorative justice model of family group conferencing for juvenile offenders in New Zealand as well as of restorative justice and African traditional conflict resolution processes.
• Appeal of restorative justice to policy makers with reference to the South African Law Commission

Restorative Principles in Response to State-Sanctioned crime: Truth and Reconciliation Commissions

• Overview of truth and reconciliation commissions as an instrument for dealing with state violations of human rights in general Truth and reconciliation commissions versus criminal justice systems versus an International Criminal Court
• Truth and Reconciliation Commission in Honduras
• Truth and Reconciliation Commission in South Africa
• Victims' right to reparation and restitution
• Ways how to help victims to overcome traumatic experiences

Restorative Justice: Measuring Success - Research and Examples

• Introduction to research on the effectiveness of restorative justice programmes
• Overview of difficulties in measuring success of restorative justice programmes
• Review of research on family group/community conferencing programmes and outcomes
• Review of research on victim-offender-mediation in particular in the field of domestic violence and outcomes
• Review of research on community panel adult pre-trial diversion and outcomes

Actual Experiences in the Field of Mediation and Restorative Justice: Difficulties Encountered, Implementation, Prospects

• Introduction to mediation as the corner stone instrument of restorative justice including a presentation of the aims of mediation
• Overview of mediation in Austria, Belgium, France, Germany and Italy
• Mediation as an instrument both for juvenile and adult offenders
• Review of experiences including an assessment of the needs of mediation
• Victims in the context of mediation - difficulties and problems encountered
• Mediation and restorative justice in the context of environmental crime

Restorative Justice - The Need for Standards

• Introduction to standards and guidelines
• Human rights implication
• Review of recent development in standards and guidelines concerning the use of restorative measures including the Council of Europe recommendation on the use of mediation in penal matters as well as South Africa's Child Justice Act
• Presentation of the Basic Principles on the Use of Restorative Justice in Criminal Matters adopted at the 9th session of the Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice

Restorative Justice for Police

• Presentation of the Wagga Wagga model of police-facilitated community conferencing
• International efforts in implementing the Wagga Wagga model
• Presentation of the outcome of a study of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police on conferencing models

Restorative Processes: Mediation, Conferencing and Circles

• Overview of restorative justice
• Discussion of the practice of family group conferencing
• Presentation of the Australian Wagga Wagga model
• Discussion of the victim-offender mediation with research results from Poland
• Discussion of peacemaking circles and other restorative approaches in Canada

Restorative Outcomes: Community Service and Restitution

• Introduction to community service highlighting its importance
• Community service in Brazil, the Netherlands, Russia and Zimbabwe - practical experiences

The Criminalization of Mental Illness

• Presentation of an historical perspective on mental illness
• Causes of mental illness
• Interrelationship between mental illness, drug addiction and crime
• Cooperation between agencies involved
• Restorative justice for mentally ill
• Implementation of restorative justice programmes in different contexts
• Street children with mental illness problems

Promoting the Rule of Law and Strengthening the Criminal Justice System through Ratification and Implementation of the Rome Statute for an International Criminal Court

• Introduction to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court
• Legal nature of the International Criminal Court
• Discussion of various aspects of the ratification process and the implementation of the Rome Statute
• Cooperation of international institutions such as Interpol as well as of national institutions such as the police and the judiciary with the International Criminal Court

International Criminal Court: Hopes and Realities

• Historical context of the creation of the International Criminal Court
• Opposition of the United States to the International Criminal Court
• Prospects for the success of the International Criminal Court

The Status of Participants in Domestic conflicts: Freedom Fighters, Terrorists, Lawful Belligerents, or War Criminals ·

• Applicability of existing international criminal and international humanitarian law to domestic conflicts and examples ·
• Domestic conflicts in the context of the International Criminal Court and the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia

Genocide: The Lessons of the 20th Century - A Failed Convention

• Introduction to the Genocide Convention and to its weak points
• Genocide in Rwanda and in Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Victims in the context of genocide

Seminars of Antigua on Extradition and International Cooperation in Criminal Law

• Presentation of the results and conclusions of the Extradition Seminar organized by Spain and CICP in Antigua, Guatemala, in May 1999, stressing the need to rethink national legislation and the need for international instruments
• Information on the First Training Seminar on International Cooperation in Criminal Law focussing on judicial assistance, to be organized by Spain and CICP in Antigua, Guatemala, in June 2000

NGO area Photo:Gary Hill,Chair,Functional Committee,ISPAC

Transnational Organized Crime Against Women: Trafficking in women

• Introduction to trafficking in women and children as a major new enterprise for organized crime groups
• Need for cooperation and how the United Nations Global Programme against trafficking in human beings can contribute to foster cooperation and integration
• Need for national legislation
• Overview of international legal instruments on transnational organized crime focussing on the Draft Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children
• Presentation of different aspects of victimization of women and children focussing on prostitution
• Assessment of the United Nations Convention for Suppression of Trafficking in Persons and the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others
• Presentation of CICP and UNICRI projects, SIAM, a quadrennial project on an NGO in Thailand, as well as other forms of cooperation between NGOs and the European Union and the United Nations

Promoting the Role of the Prosecutor in the Fight Against Transnational Organized crime

• Presentation of the role and work of prosecutors in the fight against transnational organized crime and in the field of mutual legal assistance
• Need for international cooperation and mutual legal assistance in the fight against transnational organized crime
• Overview of international legal instruments, including on the Draft Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and the three protocols as major instruments and how the work of prosecutors can be promoted by such instruments
• Challenges and difficulties the Draft Convention against Transnational Organized Crime poses to prosecutors

Cross-Sectoral Panel on Corruption, Financial Crimes and Drug Trafficking. A Challenge for Convergence in the 21st Century

• Need for partnerships between the United Nations and NGOs
• Presentation of a 'Global Asset Forfeiture Programme'
• Overview of the activities of the CICP and UNICRI in the fight against organized crime
• Combatting corruption and overview of the activities of Interpol in the field

Global Organized Crime

• Organized crime's involvement in illicit nacro-trafficking including an introduction to international legal instruments
• Organized crime's involvement in trafficking in human beings and in sex trafficking
• Organized crime's involvement in kidnapping providing an overview of the different forms of kidnapping
• Proposals for the fight against transnational organized crime

Cultural/Educational Crime Prevention Initiative: Review of Draft Global Plan of Action

• Presentation and review of a draft global plan of action prepared by CICP for societal, cultural and educational initiatives to prevent organized crime and corruption
• Presentation of initiatives in the city of Tiquana (Mexico), San Diego (USA) and Palermo (Italy)

Current Australian Research in Crime Prevention

• Overview of crime prevention in Australia
• Discussion of values
• Overview of existing crime prevention programmes and partnerships on various levels including a presentation of the police exchange programme between Victoria and China
• Review of research on money laundering and presentation of a model to quantify money laundering

Enforcement of Law and Criminal Justice in Arab Countries

• Introduction to Arab legal systems in general
• Overview of criminal justice systems in Arab countries including the presentation of a survey conducted in 16 Arab countries
• Overview of crime prevention in Arab countries
• Presentation of the Medina experiment, a community based mediation system in the region of Medina
• Promoting the rule of law in the Islamic doctrine